Finding the Holocaust at the Flea Market (Part Two)

[continued from previous post, regarding papers I accidentally bought at a Paris flea market that detail the betrayal of Dr. Salzberger by his landlords, the Lavergnes, during the Holocaust]

THEIR VERBATIM ACCOUNTS
Most of the papers in the bundle fall into two categories: statements from Dr. Salzberger about what happened and what goods he was trying to recuperate, and statements from the Lavergnes as well as Erich Kahnt, the Nazi who was sleeping with Georgette.

For the most part, Dr. Salzberger's statements are tragic in their banality. Other than a few brief references to his suffering or the deportation of his sister-in-law, he mainly focuses on writing detailed lists of what was taken from him, and what he is trying to get back. Having survived World War II, imprisonment in a German prisoner of war camp, the loss of virtually everything he owns, and the likely death of his sister-in-law, the enormity of it all is seemingly too much for his fragile psyche to take. Perhaps, by obsessing about missing rugs, broken windowpanes, and cut electrical wires, he can lose himself in the obsessive minutiae and put off confronting the horrifying reality of the war and its aftermath for some time.

It is in reading the Lavergnes' statements that the archetypes of wartime Parisians really come out. Madame Lavergne was a true Nazi sympathizer, often stating to her husband that “the Germans are every bit as good as the French,” and referring to her daughter's Nazi lover as “her son-in-law.”

Monsieur Lavergne was, or at least claimed to be, on the side of the Allies. According to him, he would get in frequent fights with his wife, so he'd leave, go up to their “chambre de bonne,”and listed to the British news on the radio. He claimed not to know until quite late that his daughter Georgette was sleeping with a Nazi. However, he did still benefit personally from his wife's denunciation of Salzberger, and dealt heavily in the black market.

Georgette seems not to have taken sides on the war, other than deciding to sleep with the Nazi in the first place.

Amazingly, other than Salzberger himself, the Nazi Erich Kahnt probably garners the most sympathy in his statement. The one and a half pages of his statement outline how he met Georgette in 1940, was separated from her when he was sent to the Russian front in 1941, then, suffering from “two frozen feet and kidney sickness,” returned to Paris in 1942 and was reunited with his lover. He tells of how he avoided being detained at the time of the Liberation in 1944, remained there incognito at his own risk, and how he scoured the city in search of Georgette. In his statement, he writes that “When I learned Georgette had been arrested, I again felt, for one distraught moment, the deep feelings I had for this person who had given me the strength to stay in Paris, and to await her freedom, despite this perpetual anxiety.”

LOOSE THREADS
Unfortunately, just as suddenly as this fascinating story came to my attention, the narrative comes to an uncertain end. Based on these documents alone, it is impossible to find out if Helene survived the concentration camps, what happened to Melchior (the documents say both were arrested by the Gestapo but that only Helene was sent to the camps), what became of the Lavergnes, and whether or not Salzberger ever got his belongings returned to him.

In one bit of good news: also in my bundle of documents was a postcard sent from Haifa, Israel just ten months after Israel gained its independence, bearing one of the first stamps ever issued by Israel, addressed to “Mr. And Mrs. Salzberger” at the old Boulevard Sebastopol” address.

The documents provide tantalizing clues (there are case numbers listed that are tied to Salzberger's legal and criminal filings), but despite some frenzied research in our final days in Paris, I was unable to make any progress.

While the cast of characters and the first half of the story have now been plucked out of the obscurity of lost history, the end of the story remains unknown.

POSTSCRIPT
Some people spend their whole lives combing flea markets seeking discoveries like this one. Admittedly, the papers I found are not the equivalent to finding an initial draft of the Declaration of Independence hidden in an old picture frame, or a lost Edgar Allan Poe manuscript behind an old bookcase. Still, these documents, with their brevity, clear clues for future research, and compelling anecdotes and cast of characters, would certainly be compelling to collectors of World War II and Holocaust history.

Still, I could not bring myself to sell the documents. Somehow, that just seemed like taking advantage of Dr. Salzberger's suffering for a second time, just like the Lavergnes did initially. More than a half century later, I wanted to reinforce what Salzberger did in pursuing his betrayers. To share the facts, not to hide them.

While still in France, I contacted the US Holocaust Memorial Museum, and described the documents I had found. They responded with great interest. Just two weeks after returning to the States, I met with Museum Archivist (surprisingly younger than me, and Catholic!), and her interest in the documents only grew when she had actually seen them. She mentioned that the Museum plans an exhibition on Vichy France sometime around 2011, and that my documents could be of interest to the curators who will assemble that exhibit. I signed the documents over to the Museum that same day.

In return, I received a CD with the scanned images of all the documents I donated (that is how I could post some of them here), plus high-quality printouts of the documents. And, as I found out when I first started looking into the possibility of donating the documents, we also get to deduct from our taxes the anticipated value of the documents. This is why Sara has to take it easy on me, and not give me too hard of a time about spending too much time and money at flea markets.

However, much more importantly, these documents, and this fascinating history, will no longer languish tucked in a plastic sleeve, tossed in an old cardboard box, at a French flea market. They will be available to researchers and possibly even the relatives of those involved in the events themselves. I am proud that in my own infinitesimal way, I have helped make sure that we “never forget” the Holocaust.

Josh